Evaluación in vitro del ensilaje de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) solo y combinado con ensilaje de maíz
In vitro evaluation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) silage alone or combined with maize silage
Evaluación in vitro del ensilaje de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) solo y combinado con ensilaje de maíz
In vitro evaluation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) silage alone or combined with maize silage
Date
2015
Authors
Adolfo Armando Rayas-Amor, 0000-0002-5958-8721
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Instituto Nacional del Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias.
Abstract
Description
El ensilado de girasol forrajero (Helianthus annuus L.) es promovido para la alimentación del ganado lechero ante escasez de riego y lluvias erráticas. El objetivo fue valorar al ensilado de girasol, solo y en diferentes proporciones con ensilado de maíz mediante degradación in vitro y la cinética de producción de gas. Se realizaron micro-silos, abiertos a los 80 días para el ensilado de maíz (EMz) y 50 días para el ensilado de girasol (EG), evaluándose los siguientes tratamientos (EMz%: EG%); T1) 100:0, T2) 75:25, T3) 50:50, T4) 25:75 y T5) 0:100. En el T2 la fibra detergente neutra y ácida disminuyeron significativamente (P<0.05), resultando en una digestibilidad in vitro de materia seca, materia orgánica, fibra detergente neutra y contenido de energía metabolizable y proteína cruda (P>0.05) similar a T1. Hubo mayor producción de gas total en T1, pero con una menor tasa de fermentación (P<0.05) al compararlo con T2 cuya tasa de fermentación fue de 0.0530/h, con un tiempo Lag de 3.4 h. El girasol aporta 31.8 % más de PC, 11.8 % menos de energía metabolizable y 11.9 % menos de digestibilidad in vitro. Comparado con el T1, el T2 aportó 1.6 % más de proteína, 2 % menos de energía metabolizable y 4.4 % menos de digestibilidad in vitro. Se concluye que el ensilado de girasol podría ser una alternativa para sustituir al ensilado de maíz hasta un 25 %, ya que el aporte de proteína y energía es similar al ensilado de maíz solo.
unflower silage (SS) is being promoted as an efficient forage for feeding dairy cattle in the face of shortages of irrigation and erratic rainfall. The objective was to compare, through the in vitro gas production technique, the kinetics of ruminal fermentation of SS and its mixtures with maize silage (MzS) to know its nutritional characteristics before its inclusion in feeding strategies. Five combinations of SS with MzS were assessed (MzS%:SS%); T1) 100:0, T2) 75:25, T3) 50:50, T4) 25:75 y T5) 0:100. Combining MzS with 25% SS decreased neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents (P<0.05), which resulted in a digestibility of dry mather, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and metabolizable energy similar to MzS (P>0.05), and with a CP content not statistically higher than MzS. The MzS had the highest total gas production (GP) but at a lower fermentation rate (P<0.05) when compared to T2 that had a better fermentation rate of 0.0530 %/h, with Lag time of 3.4h. Before ensiling, sunflower supplies 31.8 % more CP, 11.8 % less metabolizable energy and 11.9 % less in vitro digestibility of organic matter than maize plant. Compared to T1, the T2 supplied 1.6 % more crude protein, 2 % less metabolizable energy and 4.4 % less of in vitro digestibility of organic matter. Therefore it is concluded that sunflower silage could be an alternative to substitute up to 25 % of maize silage as the crude protein and metabolizable energy supply are similar to maize silage.
unflower silage (SS) is being promoted as an efficient forage for feeding dairy cattle in the face of shortages of irrigation and erratic rainfall. The objective was to compare, through the in vitro gas production technique, the kinetics of ruminal fermentation of SS and its mixtures with maize silage (MzS) to know its nutritional characteristics before its inclusion in feeding strategies. Five combinations of SS with MzS were assessed (MzS%:SS%); T1) 100:0, T2) 75:25, T3) 50:50, T4) 25:75 y T5) 0:100. Combining MzS with 25% SS decreased neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents (P<0.05), which resulted in a digestibility of dry mather, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber and metabolizable energy similar to MzS (P>0.05), and with a CP content not statistically higher than MzS. The MzS had the highest total gas production (GP) but at a lower fermentation rate (P<0.05) when compared to T2 that had a better fermentation rate of 0.0530 %/h, with Lag time of 3.4h. Before ensiling, sunflower supplies 31.8 % more CP, 11.8 % less metabolizable energy and 11.9 % less in vitro digestibility of organic matter than maize plant. Compared to T1, the T2 supplied 1.6 % more crude protein, 2 % less metabolizable energy and 4.4 % less of in vitro digestibility of organic matter. Therefore it is concluded that sunflower silage could be an alternative to substitute up to 25 % of maize silage as the crude protein and metabolizable energy supply are similar to maize silage.
Keywords
CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA